VenRePS Kids

The VenRePS Kids Survey is a longitudinal study designed to assess the development outcomes of Venezuelan and Colombian migrant children in Medellín, Colombia. Conducted in 2022, the study includes 3,100 Venezuelan and Colombian children aged 5 to 17. It examines how displacement affects children’s access to services, cognitive and socioemotional development, mental and physical health, and exposure to child labor.

The Objective of VenRePS Kids: Data for Change

The survey investigates development gaps between migrant (Venezuelan migrants and IDPs) and Colombian non-displaced children and adolescents. It examines intergenerational mobility and how access to public services influences their education, health, and overall well-being.

Timeline

VenRePS:A Timeline of Progress

The Sample

The VenRePS Kids Sample

The VenRePS-Kids Survey is based on a representative sample of over 3,100 children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 living in Medellín, one of Colombia’s main host cities for Venezuelan migrants. The survey includes both forcibly displaced Venezuelan children who arrived between 2016 and 2020 and their Colombian peers, offering a unique lens to examine development gaps and how access to public services shapes child well-being, education, and health outcomes.

Location

Medellín, Colombia — the third-largest host city of Venezuelan migrants

3,169

Children and adolescents surveyed (ages 5–17), from 2,556 households
(44% Venezuelan, 56% Colombian)

2016–2020

Migration period for Venezuelan children in the sample

Sampling

Sampling frame - Representative of forcibly displaced Venezuelan minors and Colombian displaced and non-displaced peers in socioeconomic strata 1 to 4

Elegibility

Venezuelan minors were included if they arrived between 2016–2020, were not naturalized in Colombia, and lived in households where both parents were Venezuelan nationals

Stratification

Sample stratified by age, gender, and neighborhood socioeconomic status
Key Research Findings

01.

Large Development Gaps in Cognitive and Physical Outcomes

The study finds substantial disparities between Venezuelan and Colombian children, particularly in vocabulary and math performance (cognitive skills), and in physical development indicators such as height-for-age and BMI.

02.

No Differences in Socioemotional and Mental Health Outcomes

Despite large gaps in cognitive and physical domains, the study finds no significant differences in socioemotional skills or mental health between migrant and host children—suggesting shared trauma may play a role.

03.

Service Access Helps Reduce Gaps

Access to public services—especially education and health—plays a key role in closing development gaps over time. Venezuelan children who have been in Colombia longer and enrolled in school show better outcomes.

Our team

Magdalena Cortina
Texas A&E University
PhD Student
Tatiana Hiller
University of California, Davis
PhD Candidate, Economics Department
Andrés Moya - Principal Investigator
Universidad de los Andes
Associate Professor, Economics Department
Edgar Alonso Ramírez
World Bank
Research Assistant
Juanita Ruiz
Inter-American Development Bank
Research Assistant
Sandra V. Rozo - Principal Investigator
World Bank
Senior Economist, Development Research Group

Our team

Catalina Amuedo Dorantes
University of California Merced
Professor, Economics Department
Danny Bahar
Center of Global Development
Senior Fellow and Director of Migration I
Magdalena Cortina
Texas A&E University
PhD Student
Tatiana Hiller
University of California, Davis
PhD Candidate, Economics Department
Ana María Ibañez - Principal Investigator
Inter-American Development Bank
VicePresident of Sectors and Knowledge
Andrés Moya - Principal Investigator
Universidad de los Andes
Associate Professor, Economics Department
María Adelaida Ortega
University of California, Davis
PhD Candidate, Economics Department
Edgar Alonso Ramírez
World Bank
Research Assistant
Juanita Ruiz
Inter-American Development Bank
Research Assistant
Sandra V. Rozo - Principal Investigator
World Bank
Senior Economist, Development Research Group
Salvador Traettino
International Monetary Fund
Research Assistant
María José Urbina
World Bank
STC Consultant
Academic Publications

Peer-reviewed studies exploring the effects of Venezuelan migration and regularization policies on migrants’ well-being, labor markets, public services, and host communities.

View All
Policy Research

Life Out of the Shadows: The Impacts of Regularization Programs on the Lives of Forced Migrants

By Ana María Ibáñez , Andrés Moya , María Adelaida Ortega , Sandra V Rozo , Maria José Urbina

Impact of PEP Program:

  • Led to large improvements in well-being—48% higher consumption, 22% higher labor income, and better health (1.2 SD).

  • Migrants gained access to services, including subsidized healthcare, social protection, and financial products.

  • Regularized migrants cost less to the government, thanks to increased tax revenue and lower emergency healthcare expenses.

Policy Research

Give me your tired and your poor: Impact of a large-scale amnesty program for undocumented refugees

By Andrés Moya and Tatiana Hiller

Impact of PEP Program:

  • Minimal effects on Colombian workers, with a slight drop in formal employment (0.1 pts), mainly among educated women.

  • Legal status boosted formal employment among Venezuelan migrants.

  • No harm to native labor markets—evidence supports inclusive refugee work policies.

Policy Research

Fertility Responses to Regularization Programs: Evidence from Forced Venezuelan Migrants in Colombia

By Andrés Moya and Tatiana Hiller

Impact of PEP Program:

  • Reduced fertility among eligible households following legal status.

  • Improved access to family planning and formal employment.

  • Helped align migrant fertility with native levels, supporting integration and social cohesion.

Children

Thriving beyond Borders? Understanding Refugee Children’s Life Outcomes

By Tatiana Hiller, Andrés Moya and Sandra Rozo

By 2023, more than 108 million people were forcibly displaced worldwide, with children under 18 constituting 45 percent...

Children

Longitudinal Survey of Forced Migrant Children from Venezuela By Andrés Moya, Sandra V. Rozo and Tatiana Hiller

By Andrés Moya, Sandra V. Rozo and Tatiana Hiller

Forced displacement is a global development issue. It is estimated that by early 2021, there were more than 110 million displaced people...

Explore the Study Findings